English Guru

 Grade: 11 Writing

Unit: 9           Page no. 84

a. Nepal has topsy-turvy political history. Many changes have been observed in different times. Write a short biography of any Nepali freedom fighter incorporating the changes brought under his/her leadership. 

Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala, affectionately known as B.P. Koirala, was a towering figure in Nepal's political history, epitomizing the struggle for democracy and social justice. He was a revolutionary, political leader, and writer who played a pivotal role in shaping Nepal's modern history. He stood as a symbol of democracy and freedom, navigating the country through its tumultuous political landscape.

He was born on January 8, 1914, in Bihar, India, Koirala hailed from a prominent political family and was deeply influenced by the nationalist movements of the early 20th century. His father, a follower of Mahatma Gandhi, instilled in him the ideals of non-violent resistance. This resonated deeply with Koirala, who joined the fight against the Rana regime, Nepal's oppressive monarchy. He was repeatedly imprisoned and exiled for his activities, but his resolve remained unshaken. Along with his brothers, Girija and Matrika, he became actively involved in anti-Rana activities, advocating for democratic reforms and the rights of the Nepali people.

In 1951, Nepal experienced a significant turning point with the overthrow of the Rana oligarchy in the revolution of 1951. Koirala emerged as a key figure in the newly established democratic government, serving as Nepal's first elected Prime Minister. Under his leadership, Nepal embarked on a path of political and social transformation, with initiatives aimed at modernization, land reform, and the expansion of education and healthcare.

However, Nepal's fledgling democracy faced numerous challenges, including internal strife and external pressures. In 1960, King Mahendra, seeking to consolidate his power, staged a coup and abolished the democratic system, leading to the imprisonment of Koirala and other political leaders. Despite being incarcerated, Koirala remained a symbol of resistance, inspiring continued opposition to the autocratic regime.

Koirala's legacy endured even during his years of exile in India, where he continued to advocate for democracy and human rights in Nepal. His writings and speeches galvanized support for the restoration of democracy, laying the groundwork for future movements for change. In 1990, Nepal witnessed another historic moment with the People's Movement, which resulted in the reinstatement of multiparty democracy and the release of political prisoners, including Koirala. His return to Nepal marked a triumphant moment for the pro-democracy movement, and he played a crucial role in shaping the country's political landscape in the post-1990 era.

Throughout his life, B.P. Koirala remained a steadfast champion of democracy, justice, and human rights in Nepal. His vision and leadership continue to inspire generations of Nepalis to strive for a more inclusive and equitable society, amidst the challenges and uncertainties of their country's political history.

b. Do you think there is racial/caste related discrimination in our country? Discuss with your friend; write a five-minute speech.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Today, I stand before you to shed light on a pressing issue that continues to haunt our society: caste-based discrimination in Nepal. As we celebrate our cultural diversity, it is crucial to acknowledge the shadows that cast a pall over the lives of millions of our fellow citizens.

In Nepal, the specter of caste discrimination looms large, perpetuating inequality and injustice across generations. Despite constitutional provisions and legal frameworks aimed at eradicating discrimination, the reality on the ground tells a different story. According to a recent study conducted by the Nepal government in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), caste-based discrimination remains a significant barrier to social inclusion and economic progress. The study found that individuals belonging to marginalized castes are disproportionately affected by poverty, lack of access to education, and limited employment opportunities.

As the old proverb goes, "A leaf knows the forest's depth, but not the river's taste", implying that one's circumstances may be hidden from those who do not share them. Similarly, those who do not experience caste discrimination firsthand may struggle to grasp its full extent and impact. However, the statistics paint a stark picture: Dalits, for instance, make up a significant portion of Nepal's population, yet they continue to face systemic discrimination in various spheres of life. According to data from the National Dalit Commission, Dalits are disproportionately affected by poverty, with a majority living below the poverty line. Furthermore, they are often denied access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities, perpetuating a cycle of marginalization and exclusion.

The prevalence of caste-based discrimination not only violates the principles of equality and justice but also undermines our collective progress as a nation. As the proverb goes, "The evening meal does not ripen without firewood, and a tortoise's pond does not deepen without rain", highlighting the interdependence of our society. When one segment of our population is held back by discrimination, it diminishes the potential of our entire nation to flourish and thrive.

Therefore, it is incumbent upon us all to confront caste-based discrimination with courage and determination. We must heed the wisdom of another proverb,"The tiger that roars is not as fearsome as the one that pounces silently". In other words, we must not remain silent bystanders in the face of injustice but instead take decisive action to address the root causes of discrimination and promote genuine equality and inclusion.

In conclusion, let us remember the words of the ancient proverb: "Small things do not produce roses". The fight against caste discrimination may seem daunting, but through collective effort and unwavering resolve, we can create a society where every individual is treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their caste or background. Let us work together to build a Nepal where justice flows like a mighty river, nourishing the roots of our shared humanity. Thank you.